轨道周期
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环绕太阳运行的星体有几种不同的轨道周期:
[编辑] 恒星周期和交会周期的关系常用缩写
在时间S内,地球向前移动角度是(360°/E)S(假设为圆形轨道),星星移动的角度是(360°/P)S. 如果天体是一颗内部行星,就是说它环绕太阳公转一整圈所需要的时间比地球短: 使用代数来简化: 如果天体是一颗外部行星,就是说它环绕太阳公转一整圈所需要的时间比地球长: 使用代数来简化:
太阳系各行星相对地球的交会周期:
In the case of a planet's moon, the synodic period usually means the Sun-synodic period. That is to say, the time it takes the moon to run its phases, coming back to the same solar aspect angle for an observer on the planet's surface —the Earth's motion does not affect this value, because an Earth observer is not involved. For example, 火卫二' synodic period is 1.2648 days, 0.18% longer than Deimos' sidereal period of 1.2624 d. [编辑] 计算[编辑] 小天体绕中心天体运转天文学中绕中心天体在圆形或者椭圆轨道上运转的小天体轨道周期为:
其中: Note that for all ellipses with a given semi-major axis, the orbital period is the same, regardless of eccentricity. For the Earth (and any other spherically symmetric body with the same average density) as central body we get and for a body of water T小时, R 天体半径 Thus, as an alternative for using a very small number like G, the strength of universal gravity can be described using some reference material, like water: the orbital period for an orbit just above the surface of a spherical body of water is 3 hours and 18 minutes. Conversely, this can be used as a kind of "universal" unit of time. 若太阳为中心天体,我们简单的设 [编辑] 双星天体力学中 when both orbiting bodies' masses have to be taken into account the orbital period 其中:
Note that the orbital period is independent of size: for a scale model it would be the same, when densities are the same (see also Orbit#Scaling in gravity). In a parabolic or hyperbolic trajectory the motion is not periodic, and the duration of the full trajectory is infinite. [编辑] 参看 |






(
是轨道
是
是中心天体质量


can be calculated as follows:
and
是天体质量,
