Talk:第三世界科學院院士

An Academic corruption---- BBO Scandal

Wang yao-Shui

Fujian Institute of Research on The Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhuo 350002, Fujian, P.R.CHINA

Abstracter

       Barium borate (BaB2O4, BBO) was very occasionally discovered in my group in1979 by more than 10 scientists, through 8 years hard works. BBO absolute not theoretical predicted by C.T.Chen. This is an academic corruption and academic scandal in China even in the world.

Key word: Barium borate, BBO, occasionally, discovered, academic, corruption, scandal, theoretical, predicted Introduction Barium borate (BBO) is one of the most important non-liner-optical (NLO) crystals for laser technique applications. BBO was very occasionally discovered in my group in 1979 by more than 10 scientists, through 8 years hard works. Prof. C.T.Chen (the formal vice president of Fujian institute) takes the advantage of his Political power, innumerable shameless political propagandas and unreal reports [1-2], that BBO was discovered by his theoretical “predicted”. After BBO discovered, some young scientist basic on BBO, replace of Ba by Li and discovered another important new NLO crystal Li B3O5 (LBO) was also included in his theoretical “predicted”. It is not true, completely nonsense. This is an academic corruption and an academic scandal in China. The formal leaders of Fujian institute do not allow us to tell the true story of the discovery of BBO and LBO. They tell the lie, That BBO so important new NLO crystal material can be theoretical “predicted” in the Fujian Institute. Therefore, C.T.Chen awarded many high Prizes in China. Such as the special grade prize of Chinese Academy of Science (1984) and the Third World Academy of Science (TWAS prize of chemistry (1987) and Laser Focus World Prize of U.S.A. (1990). C.T.Chen becomes the academician of the Third World Academy of Science and the Academician of Chinese Academy of Science. This is a disgraceful deceive, angle for undeserved fame behavior.

In fact, before BBO occasionally discovered, C.T.Chen never know about BBO and LBO. He made conclusion in 1974, that there is no other compound can be selects as new NLO material, besides “five coordination compounds” such as NaSbF5.Therefore, we take years, hundreds of so call “five coordination compounds” were synthesized. Unfortunately, there is no any NLO effects can be detected. This is the only one “theoretical predicted” by C.T.Chen. In the very difficult time ( 1979), the “vive coordination” NLO material research has no way out. I made proposal, try to research Ba2NaBNb5O15 (BNBN) new materials. The composition are: BaCO3; Na2CO3 (Ba : Na=1 : 4); B2O3; and Nb2O5. Carefully experiments by hard work of my assistant G.F.Ye, some very high NLO effect of BNBN (as compare to Ba2NaNb5O15, BNN) compound was synthesized. We are very grad, that a new NLO material BNBN was synthesized. In fact, partly BBO compound was occasionally synthesized, because, the compositions are the same as BBO, but we don’t know about that in that time. Once again, I made another proposal: (1) Try to synthesize Ba2NaB2O4 (BNBO); (2) the compositions are: BaCO3, Na2CO3, and B2O3. (3) Ba : Na= 1:4; (4) the synthesizing must be in high temperature solid phase reaction. By carefully experiments of my colleges C.Z.Chen and D.S.Gao, a miracle even was happened, some extraordinary high NLO effect of BNBO compound was synthesized. In fact, BBO was once again unexpectedly synthesized, but we don’t know about that. We are so happy, that another new NLO material BNBO was discovered. Therefore, we awarded the 2nd prize of the Chinese Academy of Science in 1980. On the prize citation, clearly shown the wrong name and the wrong formula of the NLO “new materials”: Ba2NaBNb5O15 (BNBN) and Ba2NaB2O4 (BNBO). This historical mistake is my responsibility, because, I made “mistakes”, that introduced useless Na2CO3 as the raw material in to BNBN and BNBO synthesizing and crystal growth. Unexpectedly, just because the low melting point Na2CO3 play an important key role (as the flux) lead to BBO synthesized and crystal grown breakthrough! Carefully determination of BNBO phase diagram [3-4] by prof. J.K.Liang and Dr.Q.Z.Huang and the determination of BNBO crystal structure [5] by prof. J.L.Huang, S.F.Lu and M.Y.He, both indicated that there is no sodium (Na) in the BNBO crystal. It clear shown, that we discovered is not BNBO but BBO is occasionally discovered! The formal president of Chinese Academy of Science prof. J.X.Lu, the formal president of Fujian Institute prof. J.K.Liang, the vice president of Fujian Institute prof. X.T.Wu, prof. W.D.Cheng and prof. C.Z.Chen were serious point out on “Chinese science Bulletin”[6] that “the discovery of BBO new NLO crystal is nothing to do with the theory of C.T.Chen”. Acknowledgements

     The author wish to thank Prof. Dr. P. Bennema, Prof. Dr. E. Vlieg, Prof. B.X.Fang, Dr. W.van Enckevort, Dr. H. Meekes and Dr. Z.H. Xie for the helpful discussions.

                                  References

1 C.T.Chen . Proceedings of ICCG-9 ,Sendai, Japan, 1989,Section 7, P387.

2 C.T.Chen, Y.C.WU, R.K.Li. Crystal Growth, 1990, 99, 790~798.

3 Q.Z.Huang, J.K.Liang. Acta Physica Sinica, 1981, 30, 559~564.

4 J.K.Liang, Q.Z.Huang, Acta Physica Sinica, 1982, 40, 944~1000.

5 S.F.Lu, M.Y.He, J.L.Huang. Acta Physica Sinica, 1982,31,948~955.

6 J.X.Lu, X.T.Wu, C.Z.Chen, J.K.Liang and W.D.Chen. Chinese Science Bulletin, 1997,42, 561~566.